Support: Стена.
Matériau: Известняк.
Description et état du monument : Скальная стена. Буквы сильно стерты.
Rock wall. Letters are very weathered.
Dimensions: 47,0/68,0
Lieu d'origine: Gluboky Yar
Lieu de découverte: Gluboky Yar.
Contexte local: Cave church, north wall, centre, at human height level.
Conditions de découverte: 2004, survey of I.V. Nenevolya.
Lieu de conservation: In situ
Institution de conservation: In situ
Autopsie: September 2005, July 2012
Observations: In situ
Fragment 1:
Fragment 2:
Fragment 3:
Fragment 4:
Fragment 5:
Fragment 6:
Fragment 7:
Fragment 8:
Fragment 9:
Champ épigraphique 1: Top left
Style écriture: Graffito, cursive. Alpha with a loop. Abbreviations
Champ épigraphique 2: Right of Text 1
Style écriture: Graffito, uncial; elongated letters
Champ épigraphique 3: Right of Text 2
Style écriture: Graffito, uncial. Alpha with a loop, pi with extended horizontal
Champ épigraphique 4: Below Text 3, on the left
Style écriture: Graffito, minuscule
Champ épigraphique 5: Below Text 3
Style écriture: Graffito, minuscule
Champ épigraphique 6: Below Text 3, on the right
Style écriture: Graffito, uncial
Champ épigraphique 7: Below Text 6
Style écriture: Graffito, uncial. Abbreviating overline
Champ épigraphique 8: Right of Text 3
Style écriture: Graffito, uncial; elongated letters. Alpha with a loop, beta with decorative horizontal stroke at the bottom. Ligature sigma-tau; superscript signs
Champ épigraphique 9: Below Text 8
Style écriture: Graffito, minuscule
Texte 1:
Type de texte :
Invocative inscription.
Datation du texte :2nd half of the ХI–XIIth century C.E.
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Datation du texte :
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Texte 2:
Type de texte :
Epitaph.
Datation du texte :1034 C.E.
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Datation du texte :
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Texte 3:
Type de texte :
Commemoration .
Datation du texte :982 C.E.
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст
Datation du texte :
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст
Texte 4:
Type de texte :
Invocative inscription.
Datation du texte :2nd half of ХI–XIIth century C.E.
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Datation du texte :
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Texte 5:
Type de texte :
Invocative inscription.
Datation du texte :2nd half of ХI–XIIth century C.E.
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Datation du texte :
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Texte 6:
Type de texte :
Invocative inscription.
Datation du texte :2nd–3rd third of XIth century C.E.
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Datation du texte :
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Texte 7:
Type de texte :
Invocative inscription.
Datation du texte :2nd half of ХI–XIIth century C.E.
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Datation du texte :
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография
Texte 8:
Type de texte :
Epitaph.
Datation du texte :1034 C.E.
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст
Datation du texte :
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст
Texte 9:
Type de texte :
Commemoration .
Datation du texte :980–981 C.E.
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст
Datation du texte :
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст
Éditions: . ; . ; . ; . ; . ; . ; . ; . ; . ;
Texte 1
Type de texte: Invocative inscription
Datation du texte:
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография.
01 ΚΕΒΟΗΘΗ 02 ΤΟ͂ΔΟΥΛΟΣΟΥ 03 ΣΑΒΑ |
01 Κ(ύρι)ε, βοήθη 02 το͂ δούλο σου 03 Σαβᾷ . |
Traduction :
Господи, помоги рабу Твоему Савве.
Lord, help your servant Sabbas.
Commentaires :
Все граффити выполнены на северной стене полупещерного храма, входящего в состав небольшого комплекса, возможно,
монастырского. По сообщению С.В. Харитонова, этот храм был открыт еще А.И. Маркевичем в начале XX в. По своему литургическому устройству (протесис в наосе) храм
вполне может относиться к X в. Судя по еще одному граффито 1522/1523 гг., расположенному ниже надписи 9, храм почитался до сер. XVI в.
1–2. Относительно формулы см. IV.3.E.a.
3. Широко распространенное христианское имя Савва в Крыму более не встречается.
1–2. Относительно формулы см. IV.3.E.a.
3. Широко распространенное христианское имя Савва в Крыму более не встречается.
All graffiti were found inscribed on the north wall of a cave church, which was part of a small architectural complex, most likely monastic.
According to S.V. Kharitonov, the discovery of this church made by A.I. Markevich already in the early XXth century, remained unpublished.
Its liturgical organization (prothesis in the naos) suggests a
date in the Xth century. Another graffito, dated to 1522/1523 C.E. and located under Text 9, indicates that the church was in use until the middle of the
XVIth century.
1–2. On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a.
3. A well-known Christian name Sabas is not otherwise attested in Crimea.
1–2. On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a.
3. A well-known Christian name Sabas is not otherwise attested in Crimea.
Texte 2
Type de texte: Epitaph
Datation du texte:
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография.
01 [ . . ]ΕΛΕΥ 02 Τ̣Η̣ΣΕΝ |
01 [Ἐτ]ελεύ- 02 τ̣η̣σεν . |
Traduction :
Скончался.
Died.
Commentaires :
Относительно формулы см. IV.3.F.g. Надпись 2, вероятно, была оставлена (возможно, из-за
неровной поверхности) и заново начата в виде надписи 8.
On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.F.g. Text 2 was apparently begun and then abandoned
(possibly due to the unevenness of
the surface) and re-inscribed as Text 8.
Texte 3
01 ΕΠΗΕΤΣΥ̣Ϟ̣ 02 ΕΓΡΑΨΑΕΝΓΕΝΟΑΡ[ . ]Ο 03 uac. ΙΒ 4 Α[ . ]ΗΝ |
01 Ἐπὴ ἔτ(ους) ςυ̣Ϟ̣, 02 ἔγραψα ἐν γενοαρ[ί]ο 03 ιβ, 4 ἀ[μ]ήν . |
Traduction :
В 6490 (?) году, я написал 12 (?) января, аминь.
In the year 6490 (?) I wrote on the 12th (?) of January. Amen.
Commentaires :
Надпись носит, видимо, памятный характер: ближайшая аналогия — SEG 33.1324 из
египетских Келлий, VII (?) в. (ἔγραψα [ἐν] Ἰανουαρίῳ κζ´)
1. В последней цифре года читается только левое верхнее полукружие, которое среди единиц и десятков может принадлежать только стигме или коппе. Однако первая датировка (898 г.) почти исключается по палеографическим соображениям, а вторая (982 г.), напротив, крайне близка к надписям 9 и 10 (980–981 гг.). Первые надписи в Глубоком Яру оказываются современны V 172 (994–995 гг.) с Мангупа, что может говорить об усилении строительной деятельности в Крыму конца Х в.
2. Такая же форма названия месяца январь встречается в Ramsay, Bell 1909, 557, № 60.
1. В последней цифре года читается только левое верхнее полукружие, которое среди единиц и десятков может принадлежать только стигме или коппе. Однако первая датировка (898 г.) почти исключается по палеографическим соображениям, а вторая (982 г.), напротив, крайне близка к надписям 9 и 10 (980–981 гг.). Первые надписи в Глубоком Яру оказываются современны V 172 (994–995 гг.) с Мангупа, что может говорить об усилении строительной деятельности в Крыму конца Х в.
2. Такая же форма названия месяца январь встречается в Ramsay, Bell 1909, 557, № 60.
This is probably a commemorative inscription: the closest analogy is SEG 33.1324, from Kellias in Egypt, VIIth (?) century (ἔγραψα [ἐν] Ἰανουαρίῳ κζ´).
1. In the last digit of the year date, only the left top loop can be discerned, and in referring to single and double digits it can be only a stigma or a koppa. A stigma would make the year 898 C.E., which should be excluded on palaeographic grounds, while the second possibility (with koppa) gives us 982 C.E., which puts the date of this text very close to Texts 9 and 10 (980-981 C.E.). The earliest inscriptions at Gluboky Yar in that case would be contemporary with V 172 (994–995 C.E.) from Mangup, possibly indicating intensified building activities in Mountainous Crimea at the end of the Xth century.
2. The same form of name for January is found in Ramsay, Bell 1909, 557, № 60.
1. In the last digit of the year date, only the left top loop can be discerned, and in referring to single and double digits it can be only a stigma or a koppa. A stigma would make the year 898 C.E., which should be excluded on palaeographic grounds, while the second possibility (with koppa) gives us 982 C.E., which puts the date of this text very close to Texts 9 and 10 (980-981 C.E.). The earliest inscriptions at Gluboky Yar in that case would be contemporary with V 172 (994–995 C.E.) from Mangup, possibly indicating intensified building activities in Mountainous Crimea at the end of the Xth century.
2. The same form of name for January is found in Ramsay, Bell 1909, 557, № 60.
Texte 4
Type de texte: Invocative inscription
Datation du texte:
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография.
01 ΚΥΡΥΕΒΟΗΘ[ . . ] |
01 Κύρυε, βοήθ[ει] . |
Traduction :
Господи, помоги.
Lord, help.
Commentaires :
Относительно формулы см. IV.3.E.a.
On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a.
Texte 5
Type de texte: Invocative inscription
Datation du texte:
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография.
01 ΚΙΡΙΕΒΟΙΘΙ |
01 Κίριε βοίθι |
Traduction :
Господи, помоги.
Lord, help.
Commentaires :
Относительно формулы см. IV.3.E.a.
On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a.
Texte 6
Type de texte: Invocative inscription
Datation du texte:
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография.
01 ΚΕ[ . . ]ΥΘΥΦΟΒΟΥ[ . . . . . . . . ] |
01 Κ(ύρι)ε, [βο]ύθυ φοβου[μένοις σε] . |
Traduction :
Господи, помоги боящимся Тебя.
Lord, help those who fear you.
Commentaires :
Относительно формулы см. IV.3.E.a. Дополнение «боящиеся Тебя» известно при
инвокативной формуле с καταξίωσον (Grégoire 1929, № 282.3; Кассос, VI в.).
Вероятно, надпись 6 выполнена той же рукой, что и надпись 3.
Вероятно, надпись 6 выполнена той же рукой, что и надпись 3.
On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a. The addition, "those who fear you," is known as invocation in the formula
with καταξίωσον (Grégoire 1929, № 282.3, Kassos, VIth century).
Texte 7
Type de texte: Invocative inscription
Datation du texte:
Justificatif datation: эпиграфический_контекст палеография.
01 ΚΕΒΟ 02 ΗΘΗ |
01 Κ(ύρι)ε, βο- 02 ήθη . |
Traduction :
Господи, помоги.
Lord, help.
Commentaires :
Относительно формулы см. IV.3.E.a.
Надписи 1, 3–7 возникли после появления надписи 8, причем раньше остальных возникли надписи 3 и 6.
Надписи 1, 3–7 возникли после появления надписи 8, причем раньше остальных возникли надписи 3 и 6.
On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a.
Texts 1, 3-7 were inscribed after Text 8, and among them 3 and 6 are the earliest.
Texts 1, 3-7 were inscribed after Text 8, and among them 3 and 6 are the earliest.
Texte 8
01 ΕΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ 02 ΣΕΝΟΠΑΣΤΗΡΤΟΥ 03 ΑΣΤΗΝΩΚΑΙΙΩΑΝΝΙΣΜΙΝΗ 4 ΔΕΚΕΜ[ . . . ]ΟΚΔΕΙΜΕΡΑΒ 05 uac. ΓΗΝΔἜ̣Τ̣[ . ]Φ̣Μ̣[ . ] |
01 Ἐτελεύτη- 02 σεν ὁ παστὴρ τοῦ 03 Ἀστην ὡ καὶ Ἰωάννις, μινὴ 4 δεκεμ[βρί]ο κδ, εἱμέρᾳ β 05 γ ἠνδ(ικτιῶνος) ἔ̣τ̣(ους) [ς]φ̣μ̣[γ] . |
Traduction :
Скончался пастырь Астина (?)
он же
Иоанн, 24
декабря, во вторник, в 3-ий индикт, в
6543 году.
Died: the shepherd of Astin (?) John, on the 24th of December, Tuesday, in the 3rd indiction,
year 6543.
Commentaires :
1. Относительно формулы см. IV.3.F.g.
2–3. Не совсем уверенно читаемое (странная форма второй буквы объясняется тем, что резчик первоначально передал, видимо, со слуха озвонченное s пред t при помощи дзеты, а затем исправил ее на более литературную сигму, или наоборот) имя Астин — вероятно, название местности. Неясно, что имеется в виду под словом «пастырь»: пастух или священник — термин «пресвитер» с указанием местности встречается в V 122 (того же времени), V 202 и V 218 (XIV–XV вв.).
3. Относительно имени Иоанн см. комм. к V 64.
5. Помещение числа индикта перед словом ἠνδ(ικτιῶνος) изредка встречается в византийской эпиграфике (LBW VI 2299; IGLS 494 и 1682 (559 г.). В числе года читается фи и мю, а в 6540-х гг. от сотворения мира 3-ий индикт приходился только на 6543 год, т.е. 1034 по Р.Х. (о соотношении годов от сотворения мира и от Р.Х. в средневизантийское время см. IV. 4. D). 24 декабря 1034 г. приходилось на вторник, а следовательно в данной надписи используется альтернативный счет дней недели (о нем см. IV.4.F). Обозначение по году вырезано более мелкими и неглубокими буквами. В настоящий момент поверхность скалы в этом месте сильно деформировалась, и надпись видна хуже, чем на публикуемой фотографии.
Удлинение букв по вертикали находит аналогию в близком по времени V 11 (1059 г.).
Погребение, к которому относится надпись 8, — скорее всего, то, что расположено под нишей протесиса, под надписью и чуть к востоку от нее.
2–3. Не совсем уверенно читаемое (странная форма второй буквы объясняется тем, что резчик первоначально передал, видимо, со слуха озвонченное s пред t при помощи дзеты, а затем исправил ее на более литературную сигму, или наоборот) имя Астин — вероятно, название местности. Неясно, что имеется в виду под словом «пастырь»: пастух или священник — термин «пресвитер» с указанием местности встречается в V 122 (того же времени), V 202 и V 218 (XIV–XV вв.).
3. Относительно имени Иоанн см. комм. к V 64.
5. Помещение числа индикта перед словом ἠνδ(ικτιῶνος) изредка встречается в византийской эпиграфике (LBW VI 2299; IGLS 494 и 1682 (559 г.). В числе года читается фи и мю, а в 6540-х гг. от сотворения мира 3-ий индикт приходился только на 6543 год, т.е. 1034 по Р.Х. (о соотношении годов от сотворения мира и от Р.Х. в средневизантийское время см. IV. 4. D). 24 декабря 1034 г. приходилось на вторник, а следовательно в данной надписи используется альтернативный счет дней недели (о нем см. IV.4.F). Обозначение по году вырезано более мелкими и неглубокими буквами. В настоящий момент поверхность скалы в этом месте сильно деформировалась, и надпись видна хуже, чем на публикуемой фотографии.
Удлинение букв по вертикали находит аналогию в близком по времени V 11 (1059 г.).
Погребение, к которому относится надпись 8, — скорее всего, то, что расположено под нишей протесиса, под надписью и чуть к востоку от нее.
1. On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.F.g.
2–3. The name Astin cannot be read with full confidence (the shape of the second letter is strange: perhaps the cutter first attempted to cut a zeta relying on his hearing (an s can sound as z before t), аnd then proceeded to correct it to a more normative spelling with sigma, or vice versa). Astin might be a toponym. It is unclear what is meant by the word παστήρ: a shepherd or priest; a similar term presbyter, accompanied by a toponym, is attested in the contemporary V 122, as well as V 202 and V 218 (XIV–XVth century).
3. On the name John, see commentary to V 64.
5. A number representing the indiction sometimes preceeds the word ἠνδ(ικτιῶνος) in Byzantine epigraphy (LBW VI 2299; IGLS 494 and 1682 (559 C.E.)). In the year date we can read phi and mu, while in 6540s since Creation, the 3rd indiction falls only on 6543, that is, 1034 C.E. (on the correspondence of years since Creation and A.D. in the Middle Byzantine period, see Introduction IV. 4. D). December 24th 1034 C.E. was Tuesday, which means that in this inscription an alternative count of weekdays was used (see Introduction IV.4.F). The year date is cut in smaller and shallower letters. The rock surface under this inscription has significantly deteriorated since the photograph that we publish here had been taken.
Elongated letters of this inscription are similar to V 11 which is close in date - 1059 C.E.
The burial, which is marked by our inscription is most likely that under the niche of the prothesis, under and somewhat to the east of the inscription.
2–3. The name Astin cannot be read with full confidence (the shape of the second letter is strange: perhaps the cutter first attempted to cut a zeta relying on his hearing (an s can sound as z before t), аnd then proceeded to correct it to a more normative spelling with sigma, or vice versa). Astin might be a toponym. It is unclear what is meant by the word παστήρ: a shepherd or priest; a similar term presbyter, accompanied by a toponym, is attested in the contemporary V 122, as well as V 202 and V 218 (XIV–XVth century).
3. On the name John, see commentary to V 64.
5. A number representing the indiction sometimes preceeds the word ἠνδ(ικτιῶνος) in Byzantine epigraphy (LBW VI 2299; IGLS 494 and 1682 (559 C.E.)). In the year date we can read phi and mu, while in 6540s since Creation, the 3rd indiction falls only on 6543, that is, 1034 C.E. (on the correspondence of years since Creation and A.D. in the Middle Byzantine period, see Introduction IV. 4. D). December 24th 1034 C.E. was Tuesday, which means that in this inscription an alternative count of weekdays was used (see Introduction IV.4.F). The year date is cut in smaller and shallower letters. The rock surface under this inscription has significantly deteriorated since the photograph that we publish here had been taken.
Elongated letters of this inscription are similar to V 11 which is close in date - 1059 C.E.
The burial, which is marked by our inscription is most likely that under the niche of the prothesis, under and somewhat to the east of the inscription.
Texte 9
01 ΕΤΟΥΣΣΥΠΘ |
01 Ἔτους ςυπθ . |
Traduction :
В 6489 году.
In the year 6489.
Commentaires :
Надпись может носить памятный характер. Форма стигмы характерна именно для IX-ХI вв.
(см. комм. к V 172).
The text is probably commemorative. The shape of the stigma is typical of the IX-XIth centuries (see commentary to V 172).
Traduction : 1
Lord, help your servant Sabbas.
Traduction : 2
Died.
Traduction : 3
In the year 6490 (?) I wrote on the 12th (?) of January. Amen.
Traduction : 4
Lord, help.
Traduction : 5
Lord, help.
Traduction : 6
Lord, help those who fear you.
Traduction : 7
Lord, help.
Traduction : 8
Died: the shepherd of Astin (?) John, on the 24th of December, Tuesday, in the 3rd indiction,
year 6543.
Traduction : 9
In the year 6489.
Commentaires: 1
All graffiti were found inscribed on the north wall of a cave church, which was part of a small architectural complex, most likely monastic.
According to S.V. Kharitonov, the discovery of this church made by A.I. Markevich already in the early XXth century, remained unpublished.
Its liturgical organization (prothesis in the naos) suggests a
date in the Xth century. Another graffito, dated to 1522/1523 C.E. and located under Text 9, indicates that the church was in use until the middle of the
XVIth century.
1–2. On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a.
3. A well-known Christian name Sabas is not otherwise attested in Crimea.
1–2. On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a.
3. A well-known Christian name Sabas is not otherwise attested in Crimea.
Commentaires: 2
On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.F.g. Text 2 was apparently begun and then abandoned
(possibly due to the unevenness of
the surface) and re-inscribed as Text 8.
Commentaires: 3
This is probably a commemorative inscription: the closest analogy is SEG 33.1324, from Kellias in Egypt, VIIth (?) century (ἔγραψα [ἐν] Ἰανουαρίῳ κζ´).
1. In the last digit of the year date, only the left top loop can be discerned, and in referring to single and double digits it can be only a stigma or a koppa. A stigma would make the year 898 C.E., which should be excluded on palaeographic grounds, while the second possibility (with koppa) gives us 982 C.E., which puts the date of this text very close to Texts 9 and 10 (980-981 C.E.). The earliest inscriptions at Gluboky Yar in that case would be contemporary with V 172 (994–995 C.E.) from Mangup, possibly indicating intensified building activities in Mountainous Crimea at the end of the Xth century.
2. The same form of name for January is found in Ramsay, Bell 1909, 557, № 60.
1. In the last digit of the year date, only the left top loop can be discerned, and in referring to single and double digits it can be only a stigma or a koppa. A stigma would make the year 898 C.E., which should be excluded on palaeographic grounds, while the second possibility (with koppa) gives us 982 C.E., which puts the date of this text very close to Texts 9 and 10 (980-981 C.E.). The earliest inscriptions at Gluboky Yar in that case would be contemporary with V 172 (994–995 C.E.) from Mangup, possibly indicating intensified building activities in Mountainous Crimea at the end of the Xth century.
2. The same form of name for January is found in Ramsay, Bell 1909, 557, № 60.
Commentaires: 4
On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a.
Commentaires: 5
On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a.
Commentaires: 6
On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a. The addition, "those who fear you," is known as invocation in the formula
with καταξίωσον (Grégoire 1929, № 282.3, Kassos, VIth century).
Commentaires: 7
On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.E.a.
Texts 1, 3-7 were inscribed after Text 8, and among them 3 and 6 are the earliest.
Texts 1, 3-7 were inscribed after Text 8, and among them 3 and 6 are the earliest.
Commentaires: 8
1. On the formula, see Introduction IV.3.F.g.
2–3. The name Astin cannot be read with full confidence (the shape of the second letter is strange: perhaps the cutter first attempted to cut a zeta relying on his hearing (an s can sound as z before t), аnd then proceeded to correct it to a more normative spelling with sigma, or vice versa). Astin might be a toponym. It is unclear what is meant by the word παστήρ: a shepherd or priest; a similar term presbyter, accompanied by a toponym, is attested in the contemporary V 122, as well as V 202 and V 218 (XIV–XVth century).
3. On the name John, see commentary to V 64.
5. A number representing the indiction sometimes preceeds the word ἠνδ(ικτιῶνος) in Byzantine epigraphy (LBW VI 2299; IGLS 494 and 1682 (559 C.E.)). In the year date we can read phi and mu, while in 6540s since Creation, the 3rd indiction falls only on 6543, that is, 1034 C.E. (on the correspondence of years since Creation and A.D. in the Middle Byzantine period, see Introduction IV. 4. D). December 24th 1034 C.E. was Tuesday, which means that in this inscription an alternative count of weekdays was used (see Introduction IV.4.F). The year date is cut in smaller and shallower letters. The rock surface under this inscription has significantly deteriorated since the photograph that we publish here had been taken.
Elongated letters of this inscription are similar to V 11 which is close in date - 1059 C.E.
The burial, which is marked by our inscription is most likely that under the niche of the prothesis, under and somewhat to the east of the inscription.
2–3. The name Astin cannot be read with full confidence (the shape of the second letter is strange: perhaps the cutter first attempted to cut a zeta relying on his hearing (an s can sound as z before t), аnd then proceeded to correct it to a more normative spelling with sigma, or vice versa). Astin might be a toponym. It is unclear what is meant by the word παστήρ: a shepherd or priest; a similar term presbyter, accompanied by a toponym, is attested in the contemporary V 122, as well as V 202 and V 218 (XIV–XVth century).
3. On the name John, see commentary to V 64.
5. A number representing the indiction sometimes preceeds the word ἠνδ(ικτιῶνος) in Byzantine epigraphy (LBW VI 2299; IGLS 494 and 1682 (559 C.E.)). In the year date we can read phi and mu, while in 6540s since Creation, the 3rd indiction falls only on 6543, that is, 1034 C.E. (on the correspondence of years since Creation and A.D. in the Middle Byzantine period, see Introduction IV. 4. D). December 24th 1034 C.E. was Tuesday, which means that in this inscription an alternative count of weekdays was used (see Introduction IV.4.F). The year date is cut in smaller and shallower letters. The rock surface under this inscription has significantly deteriorated since the photograph that we publish here had been taken.
Elongated letters of this inscription are similar to V 11 which is close in date - 1059 C.E.
The burial, which is marked by our inscription is most likely that under the niche of the prothesis, under and somewhat to the east of the inscription.
Commentaires: 9
The text is probably commemorative. The shape of the stigma is typical of the IX-XIth centuries (see commentary to V 172).
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URI:https://petrae.huma-num.fr/5.134
© A.Yu. Vinogradov, Irene Polinskaya